The high energy demand largely stems from the architecture of current chips, where most energy is spent on data movement rather than processing. Researchers are exploring new chip designs to enhance energy efficiency, such as in-memory computing and analog computing techniques, which could significantly reduce energy costs.

 

Innovations like optically-based data transmission via silicon waveguides are also under exploration, delivering faster and more energy-efficient connections. Moreover, future developments could involve 3D stacked chips that bring memory closer to processing units, further decreasing energy consumption.