Abstract: Cognitive Control is a term used to describe the ability to flexibly adapt information processing and behavior in the service of our goals by exerting cognitive effort to overcome our habits and automatic thoughts/actions. We are fundamentally interested in the neural mechanisms that support these top-down processes and how they interact with motivation, learning, memory, and skilled action. In our investigations we use a multifaceted approach combining carefully designed behavioral experiments, computational modeling, functional magnetic resonance imagining (fMRI), and non-invasive brain stimulation via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).